نوع المستند : مقاله پژوهشی
المؤلف
استاذ المساعد، کلية القانون، جامعة الباقر العلوم (علیه السلام) قم، قم، ایران
المستخلص
الكلمات الرئيسية
عنوان المقالة [English]
المؤلف [English]
Intellectual property (IP) is a pivotal regulatory mechanism for addressing knowledge market failures and ensuring distributive justice. Neglecting to protect creators leads to diminished incentives for innovation, technological stagnation, reliance on knowledge imports, and the weakening of the knowledge-based economy. However, restricting citizens' financial freedoms without solid jurisprudential foundations poses a serious challenge in Islamic jurisprudence. The study adopts a comparative analytical approach, drawing on Imami jurisprudential sources, the views of contemporary jurists, and various interpretations of the principle of "no harm" (la darrar) to analyze the role of the state in balancing individual and collective interests. The results demonstrate that the principle of "no harm"—through its two interpretations, "prohibiting harm" and "negating harmful rulings"—affirms the legitimacy of legal protection of IP at two levels: a lower level based on compensating the creator's direct costs, and a higher level aimed at achieving the public interest. Restricting the freedom to reproduce and commercialize intellectual works can be justified by the "societal harm" caused by scientific stagnation and the waste of national resources within the framework of this rule. Recognizing intellectual property as a tool for optimal resource allocation requires consistency with Islamic objectives. Furthermore, the duration of legal exclusivity must be determined proportionally to the costs of production and the extent of the harms mitigated by the rule, to avoid excess or negligence. In conclusion, the study demonstrates that the "no harm" rule—with its interpretative flexibility—is capable of establishing the legitimacy of the intellectual property system within the Islamic framework, provided its limits are carefully controlled through a careful balance between the creator's material rights, public access to knowledge, and the requirements of national development. This balance transforms intellectual property from a mere imitation of Western systems into a tool for achieving "Shari'a justice."
الكلمات الرئيسية [English]
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