نوع المستند : مقالة علمية و بحثية
المؤلف
أستاذ مشارك، قسم الفقه و الاسس القانون، كلية الحقوق، جامعة قم، قم، إيران.
المستخلص
الكلمات الرئيسية
عنوان المقالة [English]
المؤلف [English]
The management and organization of state institutions in Iraq according to Islamic Sharia and Iraqi law represents a critically important topic that warrants in-depth study and research. Iraq, with its cultural and religious diversity, poses a real challenge in finding the appropriate balance between the principles of Islamic Sharia and the secular laws that govern the state. Historically, Iraq has experienced political and economic fluctuations, making the management and organization of its governmental institutions particularly important. Recently, the country has witnessed radical changes at the political and governmental levels as a result of social and political transformations. At the same time, Islamic Sharia is a primary source of legislation in Iraq, reflecting the country's Islamic identity and the high percentage of Muslims. However, a balance must be struck between legal principles, citizens' rights, and constitutional obligations. Based on this, this research addresses the details related to the management and organization of state institutions according to Islamic Sharia and Iraqi law, relying on a descriptive and analytical approach. The results of the research indicate that Islamic Sharia plays an important role in regulating institutions in Iraq according to the constitution and legal regulations, as Islam is considered the official state religion and a primary source of legislation. Legislators and government agencies must adhere to Islamic principles in formulating laws and policies. Government institutions in Iraq face challenges such as corruption and underfunding, and reforms are needed to achieve justice and transparency. Compatibility between civil law and Sharia law operates in some areas, such as personal status, and this requires careful oversight. Islamic guidance must continue to guide policies and legislation in a way that achieves justice and respects Iraqi values.
الكلمات الرئيسية [English]
تعد إدارة وتنظيم مؤسسات الدولة في العراق وفق الشريعة الإسلامية والقانون العراقي موضوعاً معقداً يستحق دراسة وتحليل دقيق. إنّ العراق بتنوعه الثقافي والديني يعدّ حالة فريدة تتطلب التوازن بين القوانين الوضعية والمبادئ الشرعية. يتعين على الحكومة العراقية أن تضمن حقوق وحريات جميع مواطنيها دون تمييز ديني أو ثقافي. ويشهد العراق تحدّيات سياسية واقتصادية كبيرة، مما يجعل من إدارة مؤسسات الدولة أمراً ضرورياً للحفاظ على استقراره. يجب على السلطات العراقية العمل على تحقيق التوازن بين مبادئ الشريعة الإسلامية والقوانين الوضعية لضمان العدالة والمساواة للجميع. تعتبر الشريعة الإسلامية مصدراً رئيسياً للتشريع في العراق، ولكن يجب أن يتم تفسيرها وتطبيقها بحذر لضمان حقوق الأقليات وتعزيز التنوع الثقافي في البلاد. يجب أن تعمل الحكومة على إصلاح القوانين والتشريعات لتتوافق مع متطلبات العصر ومعايير حقوق الإنسان. من هذا المنطلق، تطرقنا في هذا البحث إلى التفاصيل ذات الصلة بإدارة وتنظيم مؤسسات الدولة وفق الشريعة الإسلامية والقانون العراقي.
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